使用装饰模式可以在不修改类的情况下，动态的扩展对象。装饰模式使用一个装饰器把真实对象包装起来，对被装饰对象做一些而外的操作。装饰器与真实对象具有相同的接口，这样客户端就可以把装饰器像真实对象一样对待。
1.模式适用性
- 在不影响其他对象的情况下以动态的、透明的方式给对象添加或者撤销职责。
- 当以继承方式扩展类会产生大量子类，或者需要扩展的对象已经无法继承时。
- 一个功能由许多基本功能进行排列组合而成时。
2.模式结构
3.实现
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Component
{
public:
virtual void Operation() = 0;
};
class ConcreteComponent : public Component
{
public:
void Operation()
{
cout<<"I am no decoratored ConcreteComponent"<<endl;
}
};
class Decorator : public Component
{
public:
Decorator(Component *pComponent) : m_pComponentObj(pComponent) {}
void Operation()
{
if (m_pComponentObj != NULL)
{
m_pComponentObj->Operation();
}
}
protected:
Component *m_pComponentObj;
};
class ConcreteDecoratorA : public Decorator
{
public:
ConcreteDecoratorA(Component *pDecorator) : Decorator(pDecorator){}
void Operation()
{
AddedBehavior();
Decorator::Operation();
}
void AddedBehavior()
{
cout<<"This is added behavior A."<<endl;
}
};
class ConcreteDecoratorB : public Decorator
{
public:
ConcreteDecoratorB(Component *pDecorator) : Decorator(pDecorator){}
void Operation()
{
AddedBehavior();
Decorator::Operation();
}
void AddedBehavior()
{
cout<<"This is added behavior B."<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
Component *pComponentObj = new ConcreteComponent();
Decorator *pDecoratorAOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorA(pComponentObj);
pDecoratorAOjb->Operation();
cout<<"============================================="<<endl;
Decorator *pDecoratorBOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorB(pComponentObj);
pDecoratorBOjb->Operation();
cout<<"============================================="<<endl;
Decorator *pDecoratorBAOjb = new ConcreteDecoratorB(pDecoratorAOjb);
pDecoratorBAOjb->Operation();
cout<<"============================================="<<endl;
delete pDecoratorBAOjb;
pDecoratorBAOjb = NULL;
delete pDecoratorBOjb;
pDecoratorBOjb = NULL;
delete pDecoratorAOjb;
pDecoratorAOjb = NULL;
delete pComponentObj;
pComponentObj = NULL;
}
